![]() ![]() Yeung DK, Griffith JF, Antonio GE, Lee FK, Woo J, Leung PC (2005) Osteoporosis is associated with increased marrow fat content and decreased marrow fat unsaturation: a proton MR spectroscopy study. Li X, Kuo D, Schafer AL, Porzig A, Link TM, Black D, Schwartz AV (2011) Quantification of vertebral bone marrow fat content using 3 Tesla MR spectroscopy: reproducibility, vertebral variation, and applications in osteoporosis. Manolagas SC (2000) Birth and death of bone cells: basic regulatory mechanisms and implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis. Kuk JL, Saunders TJ, Davidson LE, Ross R (2009) Age-related changes in total and regional fat distribution. Rosen CJ, Bouxsein ML (2006) Mechanisms of disease: is osteoporosis the obesity of bone? Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2:35–43 We conclude that inphase and out-of-phase MRI can provide similar vertebral BMF estimation as 1H MRS, indicating that this technique is a potentially useful tool in both research and clinical practice. ![]() Girls had a significantly lower vertebral BMF than mothers and fathers with both methods (for all, p < 0.001). The mean differences between 1H MRS and inphase and out-of-phase MRI in the axial and sagittal planes were relatively small, at 4.13 and 2.67 %, and the agreement between techniques was 89.4 and 93.2 %, respectively. ![]() Positive correlations were found between 1H MRS and inphase and out-of-phase MRI in the axial plane ( r = 0.746, p < 0.001) and sagittal plane ( r = 0.804, p < 0.001). Signal intensity on the inphase and out-of-phase MRI was analyzed from the same location and size of the single-voxel 1H MRS measurement. We compared vertebral bone marrow fat (BMF) content assessed by inphase and out-of-phase MRI and 1H MRS using a 1.5-T MRI scanner in mothers ( n = 34, aged 49.4 years), fathers ( n = 31, aged 53.1 years) and their daughters ( n = 40, aged 20.3 years) who participated in the CALEX family study. Bone fat mass can be reliably assessed using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H MRS), but this method is technically demanding and needs advanced post-processing unlike inphase and out-of-phase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is a robust and fast method. The importance of evaluating bone marrow fat lies in the fact that osteoporosis and obesity, two disorders of body composition, are growing in prevalence. Inphase and out-of-phase magnetic resonance imaging is a robust and fast method which can provide similar vertebral bone marrow fat estimation as 1H proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, indicating that this technique is a potentially useful tool in both research and clinical practice. ![]()
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